Social Effects of artificial entities

The research focus of the area „social effects of new media and artificial artifacts“ lies in the investigation of the sociability of artificial entities as robots or virtual agents.

Main research questions:
- How can social reactions towards artificial artifacts be explained? /testing of different explanations)
- What characterizes the sociability of artificial entities? And which characteristics are important for social interaction with technology?

Research Ressources
Robots:
Since 2012, NAO, Aldebaran
2 Nabaztag:tags
2 Pleo robots

Agent Systems:
Avatar Software „CharAct“, Charamel
Virtual Reality System, WorldViz
VR – JENNI

Cooperations:

• Stefan Kopp, Sociable Agents Group, CITEC, Universität Bielefeld
• Jonathan Gratch & Stacy Marsella, Institute for Creative Technologies, University of Southern California, USA
• Jim Blascovich, University of California - Santa Barbara, USA
• Jeremy Bailenson, Stanford University, USA
• Paolo Petta & Sabine Payr, The Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence (OFAI), Österreich

Contributors

Publications

Theoretical contributions

Krämer, N. C., von der Pütten, A. & Eimler, S. (2012). Human-Agent and Human-Robot Interaction Theory: Similarities to and differences from human-human interaction. In M. Zacarias & J. de Oliveira (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction: The Agency Perspective. Berlin: Springer.

Krämer, N. C., Eimler, S., von der Pütten, A. & Payr, S. (2011). “Theory of companions” What can theoretical models contribute to applications and understanding of human-robot interaction? Applied Artificial Intelligence, 25 (6), 503-529.

Robots

Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M., Krämer, N. C., Becker-Asano, C., Ogawa, K., Nishio, S., & Ishiguro, H. (accepted).  The uncanny in the wild. Analysis of unscripted human-android interaction in the field. International Journal of Social Robotics

Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M., Krämer, N. C., Hoffmann, L., Sobieraj, S., & Eimler, S. C. (2013). An Experimental Study on Emotional Reactions Towards a Robot. International Journal of Social Robotics 5 (1), 17-34. Doi: 10.1007/s12369-012-0173-8

Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M.,  Schulte, F. P., Eimler, S. C., Sobieraj, S., Hoffmann, L., Maderwald, S., Brand, M., & Krämer, N. C. (2013). Neural Correlates of Empathy Towards Robots. Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI`13), March 4-6, 2012. Tokyo, Japan.

von der Pütten, A. M., & Krämer, N. C. (2012). A Survey on Robot Appearances. Proceedings of the 7th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI`12), March 6-8, 2012. Boston, USA. Doi: 10.1145/2157689.2157787

Hoffmann, L. & Krämer, N. C. (2011). How Should an Artificial Entity be Embodied? Comparing the Effects of a Physically Present Robot and its Virtual Representation. Paper presented at the Social Robotic Telepresence Workshop, HRI 2011, March 2011, Lausanne, Switzerland. http://aass.oru.se/%7Eali/hri2011ws/camera/HRI_Workshop_Hoffman_final.pdf

Eimler, S.C. , Krämer, N.C.& von der Pütten, A. (2011). Determinants of Acceptance and Emotion Attribution in Confrontation with a Robot Rabbit. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 25(6), 747-502.

Von der Pütten, A. M., Krämer, N.C., Becker-Asano, C. & Ishiguro, H. (2011). An Android in the Field. Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI`11), March 6-9, 2011, Lausanne, Switzerland (pp. 283-284). New York: ACM.

Von der Pütten, A.M., Krämer, N.C., Eimler, S.C. (2011). Living with a Robot Companion - Empirical Study on the Interaction with an Artificial Health Advisor. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, ICMI´11, November 14-18, 2011, Alicante, Spain.

Eimler, S., von der Pütten, A., Schächtle, U., Carstens, L., & Krämer, N. (2010). Following the White Rabbit - A Robot Rabbit as Vocabulary Trainer for Beginners of English. In G. Leitner, M. Hitz & A. Holzinger (Eds.), HCI in Work and Learning, Life and Leisure. Proceedings of the 6th Symposium of the Workgroup Human-Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering, USAB 2010 (Lecture Notes in Computer Science 6389) (pp. 322-339). Berlin: Springer Verlag.

Agents

Klatt, J., Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M., Hoffmann, L., & Krämer, N. C. (accepted). A Thousand Words Paint a Picture - Examining Interviewer Effects with ECAs. Proceedings of the Intelligent Virtual Agents Conference.

Kühne, V., Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M., & Krämer, N. C. (accepted). Using Linguistic Alignment to enhance Learning Experience with Pedagogical Agents: the Special Case of Dialect. Proceedings of the Intelligent Virtual Agents Conference.

Rosenthal-von der Pütten, A. M., Wiering, L., & Krämer, N. C. (2013). Great minds think alike. Experimental study on lexical alignment in human-agent interaction. i-com Zeitschrift für interaktive und kooperative Medien, 12(1), 32-38. Doi: 10 .1524/ icom.230.10 005

Appel, J., von der Pütten, A. M., Krämer, N. C., & Gratch, J. (2012). Does humanity matter? Analyzing the importance of social cues and perceived agency of a computer system for the emergence of social reactions during human-computer interaction. Advances in Human-Computer Interaction, 2012. Doi:10.1155/2012/324694  

Kulms, P., Krämer, N.C., Kang, S. & Gratch, J. (2011). It's in their eyes: a study on female and male virtual humans' gaze. In H. H. Vilhjálmsson et al. (Eds.): Intelligent Virtual Agents 2011, LNAI 6895. Heidelberg: Springer.

Von der Pütten, A.M., Hoffmann, L., Klatt, J. & Krämer, N.C. (2011). Quid Pro Quo? Reciprocal Self-disclosure and Communicative Accomodation towards a Virtual Interviewer. In H. H. Vilhjálmsson et al. (Eds.): Intelligent Virtual Agents 2011, LNAI 6895 (pp. 183-194). Heidelberg: Springer.

Krämer, N.C., Hoffmann, L. & Kopp, S. (2010). Know your users! Empirical results for tailoring an agent´s nonverbal behavior to different user groups. In J. Allbeck, N. Badler, T. Bickmore, C. Pelachaud, & A. Safonova (eds.), Intelligent Virtual Agents (pp. 468-474). Berlin: Springer.

Von der Pütten, A., Krämer, N. C., & Gratch, J. (2010). How our personalities shape our interactions with virtual characters. Implications for research and development. In J. Allbeck, N. Badler, T. Bickmore, C. Pelachaud, & A. Safonova (eds.), Intelligent Virtual Agents (pp. 208-221). Berlin: Springer.

von der Pütten, A., Krämer, N. C., Gratch, J. & Kang, S. (2010). „It doesn’t matter what you are!“ Explaining social effects of agents and avatars. Computers in Human Behavior, 26, 1641-1650. DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.06.012

Hoffmann, L., Krämer, N. C., Lam-chi, A., & Kopp, S. (2009). Media Equation revisited. Do users show polite reactions towards an embodied agent? In Z. Ruttkay et al. (eds.), Intelligent Virtual Agents (pp. 159–165). Berlin: Springer.

Krämer, N. C., Bente, G., Troitzsch, H. & Eschenburg, F. (2009). Embodied Conversational Agents: Research prospects for social psychology and an exemplary study. Social Psychology, Special Issue “New media and social psychology”, 40 (1), 26-36.

Von der Pütten, A., Reipen, C., Wiedmann, A., Kopp, S. & Krämer, N. C. (2009). The Impact of Different Embodied Agent-Feedback on Users´ Behavior. In Z. Ruttkay et al. (eds.), Intelligent Virtual Agents (pp. 549 – 551). Berlin: Springer.

Krämer, N. C. (2008). Social effects of virtual assistants. A review of empirical results with regard to communication. In H. Prendinger, J. Lester & M. Ishizuka (eds.), Intelligent Virtual Agents (pp. 507-508). Berlin: Springer.

Von der Pütten, A., Reipen, C., Wiedmann, A., Kopp, S. & Krämer, N. C. (2008). Comparing emotional vs. envelope feedback for ECAs. In H. Prendinger, J. Lester & M. Ishizuka (eds.), Intelligent Virtual Agents (pp. 550-551). Berlin: Springer.

Krämer, N. C., Simons, N. & Kopp, S. (2007). The effects of an embodied agent´s nonverbal behavior on user´s evaluation and behavioural mimcry. In C. Pelachaud et al. (eds.), Intelligent Virtual Agents (pp. 238-251). Berlin: Springer.